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Bugle Rock : ウィキペディア英語版
Bugle Rock

Bugle Rock ((カンナダ語:ಕಹಳೆ ಬಂಡೆ) ) (〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Bugle Rock Park )〕) is a massive rock in the Basavanagudi area of South Bangalore, in the state of Karnataka. It is an abrupt rise above the ground of peninsular gneiss as the main rock formation and with an assessed age of about 3,000 million years. Bugle Rock has generated wide interest among the scientific community.
Kempe Gowda II (who came to power in 1585), the feudal ruler of Bangalore, is credited with building four watchtowers setting limits for Bangalore's expansion, which included a tower on the Bugle Rock (on the southern boundary) as it commands a panoramic view of Bangalore city. It is said that at sunset a sentry would blow the bugle and hold a torch (Kannada:panju) which was visible from the other three watch towers (one on the southern bank of the Kempambudi tank on the west, the second near Ulsoor Lake in the east and the third tower adjoining Ramana Maharshi Ashram on Bellary Road, namely Mekhri Circle in the north). This was done to inform people that everything was safe at that location and to give a warning bugle call to alert the citizens of any intruders into the city.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Bugle rock )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= The History of Bangalore )〕 Most of the rocks on the Bugle Rock, next to the Bull Temple, have hollows, which were once used to light lamps.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Tunnel of time )〕 This landmark spreads over an area of .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A walk in the park in Basavanagudi )〕 This rock is contiguous and similar to the rock at Lalbagh tower.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bangalore>City Tour )
==Geological age of rock==
South India is endowed with one of the oldest land formations on earth, namely the Gondwanas of Archaean age. The massive rock exposure at Lalbagh, which is adjacent to the Bugle Rock exposure, was first examined in 1916 by Dr. W.F. Smeeth of the then-Mysore Geological Department who classified this rock as “peninsular gneiss.” The antiquity of the rock formation has generated innumerable scientific papers from geologists of the then Mysore Geological Department, the Geological Survey of India (GSI) and the scholars from related academies and institutions abroad. The scientific study of GSI infers:

The Lalbagh hill is composed of dark biolite gneiss of granitic to granodioritic composition containing streaks of biolite. Vestiges of older rocks are seen in the form of enclaves within the gneiss.
Peninsular Gneiss of the region is dated 2500 to 3400 million years that accreted in three major episodes, i.e. 3.4 Ga, 3.3–3.2 Ga and 3.0–2.9 Ga. The quarries of Lalbagh are of great importance for researches on earth sciences towards evolution of the terrain.

The Geological Survey of India has listed this site, one of the 26 such sites in the country, as "Geological Monuments of India" and has displayed a commemorative plaque in front of the rock tower which states:〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bangalore Peninsular Gneiss Rock Mound: Lalbagh – Abounting with natural landmarks )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lalbagh Botanical Garden, Bangalore: Part 1: Ancient Watch Tower and Organic Cultivation )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Geotourism Geological Monuments of India- Peninsular Gneiss, Geological Survey of India )
Geological Survey of India: National Geological Monument: This monument is over a typical exposure of peninsular gneiss, a geological term for complex mixture of granitic rocks extensively developed in peninsular India. The term was coined by Dr. W.F. Smeeth of Mysore Geological Department in 1916. The peninsular gneiss is among the oldest rocks of the earth dating back to 10 years old. The antiquity of these rocks has attracted geologists all over the world and has given rise to erudite scientific papers on the evolution of the earth by the pioneers of the Mysore Geological Department, Geological Survey of India and scholars from the academy. Stone quarry of this gneiss still continues to be an endless source material for research in the various branches of earth science.


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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